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China has intensified its semiconductor technology self-reliance strategy, with record investments in startups focused on materials, components, and equipment, totaling 48.145 billion yuan in 2022. This marks a substantial shift from the previous focus on finished products.

Notable investments include 5.567 billion yuan in optics and optoelectronics. In comparison, South Korea's semiconductor investments reached 795.8 billion won, primarily directed at AI semiconductor companies, with significant funding concentrated in just a few firms, raising concerns about overall ecosystem competitiveness. Analysts warn that neglecting foundational technologies could harm long-term industry health.