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The Air Force's China Aerospace Studies Institute report indicates vulnerabilities in China's nuclear warhead management, concentrated at Base 67 in Baoji. The Hongchuan facility, responsible for transporting warheads by rail, road, and air to various bases, faces risks from limited access, with a single narrow road in and out.

The report notes a rapid increase in China's nuclear stockpile from 250 to over 600 warheads, with projections of up to 1,500 in coming years. Personnel retention issues and outdated systems complicate management, heightening risks of accidents and wartime disruption. The PLA Rocket Force's co-location of nuclear and conventional systems may also exacerbate escalation risks.