Article

Fraunhofer IML conducted tests of five autonomous robots for air cargo operations at Munich (MUC) and Stuttgart (STR) airports, funded by the German Ministry for Digitalization. The robots included O³dyn, evoBOT, a modified Spot, AutoDolly Tug, and Linde E20 forklift, tested over three months.

They were evaluated for their ability to transport cargo in live operations, facing challenges like standardization and environmental factors. Current solutions are not fully autonomous and require further development to address airport-specific challenges. Future projects may focus on winter-specific solutions alongside standard automation.