India's Industrial Decarbonisation and Energy Transition Opportunities

India's industrial sector relies heavily on imported energy, with 90% of crude oil and around half of natural gas sourced overseas. This dependency exposes industries to market volatility and uncertain supply chains.

Recent initiatives include a major steel producer utilizing synthesis gas to reduce reliance on natural gas and LPG. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency's PAT program has improved energy efficiency, saving approximately 25.77 MTOE in 2022-23.

However, decarbonisation pathways differ by sector: aluminium requires clean power, steel must reduce coal use, and cement needs innovative solutions for process emissions. Effective policy frameworks and investment in technology, infrastructure, and workforce development are crucial for a successful transition, as is the need for coordinated strategies and financial support to manage upfront costs. The transition aims to enhance resilience against geopolitical shocks and foster competitiveness in a low-carbon economy.