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The full phase-in of the EU ETS has driven shipowners to prioritize engine optimization to manage emissions-related operating costs. According to CM Technologies, compliance with the ETS adds about $320 per tonne of VLSFO on intra-EU voyages.

This cost varies with carbon markets but has heightened the focus on fuel efficiency and combustion quality. Emissions costs are now visible at the voyage level, making even minor inefficiencies financially significant. CMT notes that incremental losses in combustion efficiency can increase fuel consumption without immediate alarms, leading to higher allowance requirements for burned fuel.