Data Centers Impact Potomac River Drinking Water Supply
The Potomac River basin, hosting 290 data centers, faces increased risk to drinking water availability due to rising demand and low summer flows. Data centers account for 1% of water withdrawals but 9% of consumptive use annually, peaking at 12% in summer.
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The Potomac River basin contains the largest concentration of data centers globally, which could lead to drinking water shortages. Data centers primarily utilize water for cooling IT equipment, complicating water demand assessments due to proprietary agreements limiting data transparency.
During summer, their water needs coincide with peaks in outdoor usage and low river flow, creating a critical situation. Although these centers represent 1% of total water withdrawals in the D.C. area, they account for 9% of annual consumptive use and up to 12% during summer months. Future technological advancements may significantly alter water supply conditions.
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