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Japan is in discussions with India to explore rare earth deposits in Rajasthan as part of efforts to reduce dependence on China for critical mineral supplies. India's Mines Minister announced the identification of 1.29 million metric tons of rare earth oxides in Rajasthan and Gujarat.

Following last year's preliminary pact on critical minerals, Japan intends to send experts for technology and funding assistance. Japan is also looking to collaborate on lithium, copper, and cobalt exploration in Africa. This comes amid China's restrictions on exports of dual-use items to Japan, affecting access to rare earth elements.