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The Union of Concerned Scientists released an analysis on how rising electricity demand from data centers affects the power grid in Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin. Data centers are projected to account for up to 72% of Illinois' electricity demand growth by 2030, leading to $37 billion in costs.

Michigan's data centers may drive a 57% demand increase by 2030, resulting in $51 billion in costs and increased CO emissions. Wisconsin's lack of clean energy policies could see data centers responsible for 36% of total electricity costs by 2050, with 140 million metric tons of carbon emissions. Recommendations include stronger clean energy policies and transparency measures to mitigate costs and pollution.