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The Ministry of Public Security (MPS) is spearheading Project 06, which focuses on developing the National Population Database and the VNeID electronic identification system. This initiative aims to reform social governance and streamline administrative processes affecting millions of citizens.

Launched on January 6, 2022, the project received approval from Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh and aims to enhance the application of population data and electronic authentication from 2022 to 2025, with a vision extending to 2030. By the end of 2022, MPS reported a rise in public service portal usage, with over 76 million chip-based identity cards issued, consolidating various citizen information.

By December 2025, the VNeID application provided 48 services, with up to 5.7 million daily visits. The National Data Center was launched on February 25, 2025, to manage and coordinate data for national digital transformation, supported by new legal frameworks.