Future of Biogas Plants in Germany Under Threat from New Renewable Energy Law
Germany's new Renewable Energy Act (EEG) could significantly reduce the output of approximately 10,000 biogas plants, endangering their viability. The government aims for flexibility from these plants to complement intermittent wind and solar energy, while simultaneously investing heavily in new fossil gas power plants, raising concerns about the future role of biogas in the energy mix.
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The German government's proposed Renewable Energy Act (EEG) aims to stabilize biogas capacity at 9.5 GW by 2030 and 2035. However, projections indicate a drop in electricity production from around 44 TWh in 2024 to approximately 28.5 TWh by 2035, a reduction of 35%.
Biogas plants are required to operate flexibly, generating power primarily when wind and solar energy are insufficient, which limits their operational hours. Funding for new fossil gas plants, totaling €35 billion by 2045, contrasts sharply with the limited support for existing biogas infrastructure.
The removal of auction processes for highly flexible biomethane plants further complicates the situation. This dual approach may lead to significant reductions in biogas output, with potential implications for local heating networks and energy security. A careful evaluation of biogas's role is crucial as Germany transitions to a more sustainable energy future.
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