India and China Explore Cooperation in Critical Minerals Sector Amidst Rising Global Demand
India and China are considering pragmatic cooperation in the critical minerals sector, where demand for lithium, cobalt, nickel, graphite, and rare earths is surging. China dominates processing, controlling 60-90% of refined supplies, while India holds the third-largest rare earth reserves. Both nations face challenges due to their interdependence in supply chains and growing energy demands. India has launched initiatives to enhance domestic production and diversify partnerships with countries like Brazil and Japan, aiming for sustainable extraction and reduced reliance on China.
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Amid soaring demand for critical minerals, India and China are exploring cooperation instead of rivalry. China currently dominates the processing of crucial minerals, accounting for 60-90% of refined supplies, while India possesses the third-largest rare earth reserves at approximately 6.9 million tonnes.
India's National Critical Minerals Mission aims to boost domestic production and establish partnerships with countries such as Brazil and Japan to reduce dependence on Chinese imports. With projections indicating a potential fivefold increase in lithium demand by 2040 and heightened EV needs, collaboration could enhance both nations' strategic positions and stabilize supply chains. Initiatives include joint ventures in Africa and technology exchanges for sustainable mining practices.
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