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Amid soaring demand for critical minerals, India and China are exploring cooperation instead of rivalry. China currently dominates the processing of crucial minerals, accounting for 60-90% of refined supplies, while India possesses the third-largest rare earth reserves at approximately 6.9 million tonnes.

India's National Critical Minerals Mission aims to boost domestic production and establish partnerships with countries such as Brazil and Japan to reduce dependence on Chinese imports. With projections indicating a potential fivefold increase in lithium demand by 2040 and heightened EV needs, collaboration could enhance both nations' strategic positions and stabilize supply chains. Initiatives include joint ventures in Africa and technology exchanges for sustainable mining practices.