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Iran has sold $4 billion in weapons to Russia since late 2021, including $2.7 billion in missiles. This includes hundreds of Fath-360 short-range ballistic missiles and Shahed-136 drones. Contracts were signed before Russia's invasion of Ukraine.

Ukraine's intelligence reported ongoing Russian defense industry circumvention of sanctions, revealing foreign-made equipment in use. A new drone, the Geran-5, has been deployed by Russia, showing upgrades for evasion. The US Tempest system, delivered to Ukraine, is considered crucial for NATO's future defense against Russian drones.