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Japan's defense equipment procurement under the U.S. Foreign Military Sales program totaled approximately 1.38 trillion yen in fiscal 2023, more than tripling from 407.8 billion yen in fiscal 2018. The Japanese Board of Audit noted delays in the delivery of military equipment purchased under contracts worth about $6.9 billion from over five years ago, affecting the Japan Self-Defense Forces' readiness.

The audit identified at least 118 incomplete procurement cases and highlighted significant delays in critical components. Japan pays upfront for these contracts, leading to financial uncertainty. The Ministry of Defense plans to enhance oversight of FMS contracts and improve communication with U.S. officials. The U.S.-Japan alliance remains strong, with around 55,000 U.S. troops stationed in Japan.