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South Korea plans to reduce the combined share of coal and LNG in power generation from 60% to 20% by 2038, while increasing renewable sources from 9% to 33%. The government aims for a 40% reduction in industrial emissions by 2030, relying on hydrogen, wind, and solar technologies.

The industrial sector, which constitutes over 30% of GDP, may face job losses and factory closures due to these policies. The country has approved the Saeul-3 nuclear reactor, but nuclear energy deployment may not keep pace with the reduction in fossil fuels. Similar policies in Germany and the U.K. have resulted in deindustrialization.