Article

Sweden is evaluating the proliferation resistance of deploying small modular reactors (SMRs) as part of its nuclear energy strategy. The assessment utilizes the INPRO methodology developed by the IAEA to analyze how new SMR technologies may impact proliferation risks.

The evaluation considers existing nuclear infrastructure, including operational light water reactors, and proposes a hypothetical scenario involving three SMRs and dry storage at the Forsmark site. The assessment highlights the need for a robust legal framework for non-proliferation, low attractiveness of nuclear technology, and effective IAEA safeguards.

Sweden's strong commitment to the non-proliferation regime and existing safeguards measures are noted, suggesting that the deployment of additional reactors is feasible without significantly increasing proliferation risks. Recommendations include adopting a safeguards-by-design approach to enhance the proliferation resistance of the new facilities.