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The US and UK signed a Memorandum of Understanding on February 4, 2026, to enhance the supply chain for critical minerals and rare earths. The agreement focuses on supporting the commercial and defense sectors by utilizing economic policy tools and coordinated investments.

Key commitments include identifying projects, facilitating financing, and promoting investment through a Ministerial Meeting within 180 days. The agreement also emphasizes streamlining permitting processes, addressing unfair trade practices, and collaborating with international partners for supply chain security. Both parties aim to leverage existing mining operations and develop new capacities post-2026.