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In late 2024, China halted drone sales to Ukraine, prompting Ukraine to enhance domestic drone production and source drones from the U.S. and NATO. By late 2024, Ukraine was producing over 150,000 drones monthly, aiming for 1.5 million.

In 2025, Ukraine manufactured nearly five million drones, with projections of 20 million in 2026. Ukrainian troops also modified drones for combat use. Since the onset of the war in 2022, Ukraine's weapons manufacturing has surged nearly 400%, with over 70% of its military equipment being domestically produced.

The Russian military is constrained by sanctions and struggles with drone production, while Ukraine's defense sector attracts significant investment, exceeding $100 billion. Meanwhile, China has become a key partner for Russia, supplying military technology and circumventing sanctions through alternative payment systems. In 2025, Russia imported around 40,000 electronic components from China for military use.