Article

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis converts synthesis gas (CO and H2) into fuels and chemicals, offering potential to reduce oil dependency in transportation through synthetic fuels from renewable sources like biomass. This study examines cobalt-based catalysts for diesel production, focusing on the relationship between product selectivities and catalyst properties under varying process parameters, including low H2/CO ratios typical of biomass-derived synthesis gas.

Various cobalt catalysts with different supports were tested under industrial conditions, revealing a linear relationship between selectivity to methane and higher hydrocarbons. Ordered mesoporous materials (SBA-15) indicated possible CO-diffusion limitations, contrasting with conventional supports.

The effects of H2-poor syngas and water addition were analyzed, showing that removal of indigenous water significantly slows reaction rates. Additionally, the impact of water partial pressure on Fischer-Tropsch rates was positive across varying H2/CO ratios, particularly under H2-poor conditions.