Local Ammonium Production: Opportunities for Mini-Plants Identified Globally
A global analysis identifies conditions for efficient local ammonia production, crucial for fertilizer and shipping fuel. The research highlights potential emissions reductions and supply chain resilience while noting the need for favorable electricity sources.
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Research conducted by the Paul Scherrer Institute, ETH Zurich, and Carnegie Institution for Science examined 13,000 scenarios for local ammonia production. Mini-factories could enhance climate compatibility and economic viability in various global locations, including Spain, the Netherlands, China, and Brazil.
The current ammonia production process contributes 1-2% of global greenhouse gas emissions primarily due to reliance on natural gas for hydrogen. Alternatives utilizing electrolytic hydrogen from renewable sources present significant emissions reductions but require careful site selection for cost-effectiveness.
Hybrid systems combining local renewable energy with grid electricity show promise, especially in regions with low electricity costs. However, reliance on coal-powered grid electricity can negate emissions benefits.
Switzerland, lacking industrial ammonia production, could benefit from local facilities using its low-carbon energy sources. Investment and supportive political frameworks will be critical for advancing this technology.
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