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Karnataka, India's leading clean energy state, is reverting to coal power due to record high temperatures exceeding 41.5°C, driving up electricity consumption to a peak of 309 million units. While Karnataka achieved 48% of its power mix from renewables, the state still relies on coal to meet fluctuating demand.

India aims for 500 GW of renewable capacity by 2030, yet coal demand is projected to increase by 60%, reaching 1.5 billion tonnes. The state's investment in pumped hydro storage aims to enhance renewable reliability, but coal remains essential until storage solutions are more developed.